ANTONOV AN2 is a Soviet-designed single-engine biplane, often referred to as the “Annushka” (a nickname derived from the plane’s name). It was designed in the late 1940s by the Antonov Design Bureau and is considered one of the most versatile aircraft ever built. Known for its ruggedness and ability to operate from short, unprepared airstrips, the An-2 has had a long service life and continues to be used in various roles around the world.
Key Features of the Antonov An-2:
- First Flight: August 31, 1947.
- Production Period: 1947–2001 (although some An-2s are still in use today).
- Crew: Typically 1 pilot, but can carry passengers or cargo.
- Capacity:
- Passenger version: Up to 12–14 passengers.
- Cargo version: Can carry a payload of 1,500 kg (3,300 lbs) inside the cabin or on external slung loads.
- Engine: The An-2 is powered by a single Shvetsov ASh-62 radial engine, which provides a maximum output of 1,000 horsepower.
- Wingspan: 18.2 meters (59 feet 8 inches).
- Length: 12.1 meters (39 feet 8 inches).
- Height: 4.1 meters (13 feet 5 inches).
- Maximum Takeoff Weight: 6,500 kg (14,300 lbs).
- Cruising Speed: Approximately 180 km/h (112 mph).
- Range: Around 500–800 km (310–500 miles), depending on the load.
Design and Capabilities:
- Biplane Configuration: The An-2 is a biplane, meaning it has two wings stacked one above the other. This design provides greater lift and stability at low speeds, making it ideal for operations in rugged environments or short fields.
- Ruggedness: The An-2 was built to endure harsh conditions and is known for its ability to operate from unpaved airstrips, farms, and even water surfaces when equipped with floats.
- Short Takeoff and Landing (STOL): The aircraft can take off and land in a very short distance, making it ideal for agricultural, aerial survey, and military operations in areas with limited infrastructure.
Versatility:
The Antonov An-2 has been used in a variety of roles:
- Agricultural: Spraying pesticides, dusting crops, and other farming-related tasks.
- Cargo Transport: Delivering cargo to remote areas or military operations.
- Aerial Survey and Mapping: Due to its stable flight characteristics at low speeds, it has been used for aerial surveys and reconnaissance missions.
- Passenger Transport: In some areas, it continues to serve as a small transport plane for passengers, especially in regions with limited access to larger aircraft.
Legacy:
While production of the An-2 officially ceased in the early 2000s, many An-2s are still in operation today, especially in rural, remote, or developing regions where its durability and versatility are highly valued. It remains an iconic aircraft for its ability to operate in difficult conditions, and its popularity continues in countries like Russia, China, and other former Soviet states.
Despite the advent of more modern aircraft, the Antonov An-2 has earned a reputation for being a reliable and adaptable workhorse in aviation.